Reason, purpose and result.

Reason, purpose and result.

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Conjunctions describing causes, reasons, results and purpose are subordinating conjunctions.

Reason.

In your written and spoken assignments you will often need to answer the question ‘Why?’. When you want to explain why something happens, you can use a reason clause introduced by the conjunctions "because", "as" or "since".

•     As she wanted to practise her spoken English, Carrie regularly took part in school.
•     Mark joined the English Drama Club because he wanted to improve his intonation.

Don’t use "so" in sentences beginning with "since", "as" or "because". Here is a common mistake: 

You can also use the prepositional phrases "because of" and "on account of" express reason.

•     We were unable to carry out the experiment on account of a malfunction in the computer.
•     We were unable to carry out the experiment because the computer malfunctioned.

Result.

When you want to indicate the result of an action or situation, you can use a result clause. Result clauses are introduced by conjunctions such as "so", "so... that", or "such … that".

•     The lecture was boring and irrelevant, so some of the students began to fall asleep.
•     Peter was having problems with mathematics, so he went to see his tutor to ask for advice.
•     There were so many books on the subject that Cindy didn’t know where to begin.
•     There was such a lot of material to cover that Ivan found it difficult to keep up with his studies.

There are many other ways of talking about the result of an action or situation. In some situations you may prefer to use "and as a result" or "with the result that".

•     The lecture was boring and irrelevant, and as a result some of the students began to fall asleep.
•     The lecture was boring and irrelevant, with the result that some of the students began to fall asleep.

Purpose.

You use a purpose clause when you want to state the purpose of the action in the independent clause. The most common type of purpose clause is a to-infinitive clause.

•     Sarah went to the computer lab to print out her research report.

In formal writing, "in order to" and "so as to" are often used.

•     The company conducted a detailed survey in order to gauge its clients’ views.

In formal writing, you can also introduce a purpose clause with "so that" or "in order that". These finite purpose clauses usually contain a modal.

•     Dr Cha, adjusted the overhead projector so that the students would be able to see the chart more clearly.
•     The lecturer finished his lecture five minutes early so that the students could come and ask him questions. 
  

EXERSICE.

References:
     Reference 1. 

   Reference 2.